Condenser



J. J. HlLLlARD CONDENSER Filed Feb. 4, 1927 anoanl ov I 4 2 II maticallyduring their Patented Aug. 9, 1927.

* UNITED STATES} PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN J. HILLI ABD, OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR TO BAKER ICE MACHINECOM- PANY OF TEXAS, OF FORT WORTH, TEXAS, A CORPORATION OF TEXAS.

CONDENSER.

Application filed February 4, 1927. Serial No. 165,863.

i 'erant and a plurality of connected internal tubes to: wateror a likecooling medium. It likewise relates to similar structures which operatereversely by evaporation in brine coo ers and the like, and which arehereinand in the subjoined claims classified c n is a main object ofthe'ii e mize leakage, and toprevent annnci escaping into the water usedin co; of the specified class; to render the in tubes and'the outertuies oi such con-dens mutually adjustable in compensation to theirunequal longitudinal eXpan contraction caused by the thermal changes towhich they are operatively subjected; to eliminate from the interior ofthe outer tubes all joints and pipe bends between the inner tubes orparts thereof; to effect the mutual adjustment of inner and outer tubesauto-- I use; to expedite and facilitate the discovery anc stoppage ofall leakages in condensers of the specified class; to stop suchleakages, it any, by operative adjustment ofparts ot the con(lensers.\vitl1 out dismantling'the' apparatus and without recourse to structuralrepair; to -ma l;e the inside of the inner tubesreadily accessible forcleansing and the like; and'in general to attain collectively incondensers of this class all the advantages, without the disadvantages,which pertain'to double-pipe condensers in general. I

To accomplish these results I incorporate in my improved condenser,either singly or innumbers, as parts thereof, an outer tube. shell, orcasing, which has terminal heads hereinafter called ammonia heads aplurality of inner tubes which extend, without joints orpipe'bends,through the interipr of a singleouter tube and through its. heads, apair oi out-er'hcads spaced from the ends of theouter tube, and'havingwater passages communicating with the inner tubes, an aperturedintermediatehead slidable on the water tubes between'each' water headand the adjacent ammoniahead, a correspondingly apertured casket betweeneach outer head and the adjacent intermediate he l. packings and adetector ring which encircle each inner tube between each ammonia headand the ad acent intermediate head, means for mutually adjusting theadjacent heads,-

and inlet and outlet water pipes which pass through sh lling-boxes inthe opposite outer heads respectively.

In said drawings, which illustrate the best manner wh rein I havecontemplated applying the principles of the invention. Figure 1 is apartial elevation of the right hand end of a multiplex condensercomprising a plurality of connected single, or shell and tube.condensers which are constructed in accordance with these principles.The rest of the figures are details. Fig. 2 is elevation of theinner'side of the left hand waterhead. Fig. 3 is a section on sectionline 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig.- 4 is an enlarged portion of Figures 'Tand 8,including one of the detector rings. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of oneof the intermediate heads.

of Fig. 5. Figures 7 and S are axial sections of a left hand'end portionof the conden ser of Fig. 1 on the section lines 33 and 77 respectivelyof Fig. 2. 9 is a partial en'd elevation of the right hand end of thecondenser of Fig. 1.

In these drawings the outer tubesof which two are shown in Fig. 1areduplicate cylindrical steel shells, which are denoted by the numerals 1.They have ammonia inlet pipes 2 and 2' respectively. and ammonia outletpipes 3 and 3"respectivelv. Each of them has at each end an ammonia headl and a perforated peripheral flange 5. These heads are formedintegrally with the outer tube and have for the accommodation of theinner tubes the holes 6.' wh ch are counterbored from the outside forthe packings which are hereinafter described. The

inner tubes, of which the odd number seven are shown in each'ammoniatube, are a group of duplicate spaced pipes denoted by the numerals 7.They are a littlelonger than the outer tubes in which they are placed,and project adjustably through the counterbored holes 6 in the ammoniaheads. The outer heads8 and 9 are a. pair of flanged iron castingsfacing toward each other at the opposite ends respectively of eachsingle condenser. The head 8 contains the chambers, channels or waterpassages 10. 11 and 12, opening in and through its face,

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and registering and intcrcommunicating with individual pairsrespectively of the inner tubes 7; and also contains the water passa e13, piercing the head in the direction of its thickness and in axialalinement with the single unpaired water tube 1 and having at the backof the head the discharge outlet 14. In the multiplex condenser shown inFig. 1 this outlet has a vaste pipe 15 leading through the stutlingboxlGto the waste-pipe reader 17. In like manner the outer head 9 containsthe water channels 10, 11 and 12, similar to the channels 10, 11 and 12,and a. pertorating Wilt "1 passage which is similar to the pa" n 13, andaxially alined with the end of the supply pipe 15. The latter leads fromthe supplypip-e header 17 through a stutlingbex to this alined watertube. bus the heads 8 and 9, without the aid of any pipe bends, completea continuous connection of the inner tubes in s ries between the supplypipe 15 and the outlet pipe 15.

The intermediate head 18 is a circular steel plate located between eachouter head and the adjacent ammonia. head. It has perforations 19 forthe inner tubes 7 respectively; and these perforations are counterboredin the side of the intermediate head which is next to the ammonia head,for the packings 24:, which are hereinafter described. It has aplurality of screws, or studbolts, 20, projecting from its oppositesides. Between each intermediate head and the adjacent outer head isplaced a gasket 21, which has openings corresponding respectively tothose in the face of the outer-head itself.

The. detector rings are cylindrical or sleevelike, and have theiropposite ends in parallel planes at rightangles with their axes. Theyare formed of Babbitt metal or the like and are severally adjustable bysliding on the water tubes 7 respectively between the ammonia heads andthe adjacent intermediate heads. Each ring has a plurality o't ventholes 23 extending from its hollow interior to its peripheral exterior.Contiguous to the opposite ends respectively of each detector ring, andsimilarly encir cling the water tubes 7, are two pairs otresilientlycompressible gaskets 2 t, formed of india rubber or the like and daptedto serve as packings in the counterbored perlorations 6 and 19 of theadjacent heads i and 18.

For the purpose of manually adjusting, and of holding, the describedheads in atpropriate positions relative to each other, the flanges ofthe outer heads and of the outer tubes are perforated by the bolt-holes25, which are occupied by the stud bolts 20, having nuts 26.

For the purposes ot initial adjustment of the condenser, and for thestoppage of leaks, the intermediate heads are operatively approximatedto the adjacent outer heads and to the adjacent ammonia heads by anattendant by turning the appropriate nuts 26; but all ordinary andslight mutual adjustments of the heads, normally requisite during theoperation of the condenser, are er tected automatically by thecompression and expansion of the resilient gaskets 2% caused by unequalexpansions and contractions of the inner and outer tubes. If any ammoniashould chance to leak past -the resilient gaskets in the ammonia heads,and if any water should leak past any of those in the intermediateheads, the same will be immediately discovered escaping through the openvent-holes 23 in the detector rings.

1 claim as my invention 1. In a condenser of the specified class, anouter tube having a terminal head, a plurality of inner tubes projectingthrough the terminal head, an outer head having passages therein forintercommunication with the inner tubes, and means'including anintermediate head for adjusting the inner tubes to the outer head.

in a condenser of the specified class, an outer tube having a terminalhead, a plurality of inner tubes projecting through the terminal head,an outer head having passages therein for intercommunication with theinner tubes, and means including a resilient member, for adjusting theinner tubes to the outer head.

3. A condenser of the specified class, comprising an outer tube havingterminal heads, a plurality of inner tubes projecting through theterminal heads, a pair of outer heads hardng passages therein forconnecting the inner tubes, a pair of intermediate heads havingapertures for the inner tubes respectively, apertured gaskets betweenthe outer and the intermediate heads, packings on the.

inner tubes between the terminal and intermediate heads, detector ringson the inner tubes between the packings, and screws for mutuallyconnecting and adjusting the heads.

4. In a condenser of the specified class, an outer tube having aterminal head, a plurality of inner tubes projecting through theterminal head, an outer head having passages therein forintercomnmnication with pairs of the inner tubes respectively, anintermediate head having perforations for the inner tubes respectively,compressible packings on the inner tubes between the terminal and theintermediate heads, and detector rings between the packings on the innertubes respectively, in combination with means including screws formutually connecting and adjusting the heads.

5. A condenser of the specified class, comprising an outer tube havingterminal heads, a plurality of inner tubes projecting through theterminal heads, a pair of outer heads having passages therein forterminally connecting the inner tubes in series, a pair of intermediateheads having apertures for the inner tubes, resiliently compressiblepacking; on the inner tubes between the terminal anil intermediateheads, detector rings between the packings on the inner tubes, and meansincludingscrews for mutually adjusting the heads.

6. In a condenser of the specified class, a metallic plate of generalcircular form having a plurality of screw bolts projecting from itsopposite sides, near the margin of the plate, for engagement with awater head at one side of the plate and with an ammonia head at theother side of the plate, and having a plurality of counterbored holesthrough the plate for slidable water pipes and packing. r,

7. In a condenser of the specified class, an

pairs of the-inner tubes respectively, an interi'i'ied'ate head havingperforations for the inner tubes respectively, and resilientlycompressible packings on the inner tubes between the terminal andintermediate heads,

in combination with means including screws for mutually adjustng theheads.

Witness my signature at Fort lVorth, Texas, January 22, 1927.

JOHN J. HILLIARD.

